| Area | Example tools |
| Frontend | React, Next.js, TypeScript, Tailwind |
| Backend | Python, FastAPI, Node.js, PostgreSQL, Redis |
| AI orchestration | LangChain, LangGraph, Semantic Kernel, custom agent frameworks |
| Retrieval | Pinecone, Weaviate, FAISS, Elasticsearch, hybrid search |
| Graph / GraphRAG | Neo4j, graph stores, entity linking, knowledge graph pipelines |
| Evals | LangSmith, DeepEval, custom benchmark suites, human review workflows |
| Observability | Langfuse, Arize, W&B, OpenTelemetry, custom dashboards |
| Infra | AWS, Docker, Kubernetes, GitHub Actions |